梅毒及性传播疾病和艾滋病高发原因探析

造成梅毒及性传播疾病（包括HIV）流行行为危险因素还广泛存在,积极、稳妥、持续、科学的疾病预防与控制及支持策略是临床工作顺利展开的可靠保障。应客观、科学看待和解决,制定切实可行的措施。     

Effects of prenatal music stimulation on fetal cardiac state,newborn anthropometric measurements and vital signs of pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundMusic has been used for medicinal purposes throughout history due to its variety of physiological, psychological and social effects.ObjectiveTo identify the effects of prenatal music stimulation on the vital signs of pregnant women at full term, on the modification of fetal cardiac status during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, and on anthropometric measurements of newborns taken after birth.Material and methodA randomized controlled trial was implemented. The four hundred and nine pregnant women coming for routine prenatal care were randomized in the third trimester to receive either music (n = 204) or no music (n = 205) during a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph. All of the pregnant women were evaluated by measuring fetal cardiac status (basal fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity), vital signs before and after a fetal monitoring cardiotocograph (maternal heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure), and anthropometric measurements of the newborns were taken after birth (weight, height, head circumference and chest circumference).ResultsThe strip charts showed a significantly increased basal fetal heart rate and higher fetal reactivity, with accelerations of fetal heart rate in pregnant women with music stimulation. After the fetal monitoring cardiotocograph, a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in women receiving music stimulation was observed.ConclusionMusic can be used as a tool which improves the vital signs of pregnant women during the third trimester, and can influence the fetus by increasing fetal heart rate and fetal reactivity.     

健康教育路径对前置胎盘患者焦虑的影响

目的探讨施行健康教育路径对前置胎盘患者焦虑的影响。方法将2012年在本院确诊并住院治疗的72例前置胎盘患者，随机分为研究组和对照组，各36例。对照组采取常规住院护理，研究组采用健康教育路径对患者实施针对性护理。两组患者分别在干预前后发放Zung氏《焦虑自评量表（SAS）》进行问卷调查。结果研究组产妇在干预后焦虑明显降低，其Zung评分与对照组比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=5．781，P〈0．05）。结论应用健康教育路径对前置胎盘患者施行健康教育，可有效减轻前置胎盘患者的焦虑症状。     

Point of care diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections: perspectives and advances

Accurate and inexpensive point-of-care (POC) tests are urgently needed to control sexually transmitted infection epidemics, so that patients can receive immediate diagnoses and treatment. Current POC assays for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae perform inadequately and require better assays. Diagnostics for Trichomonas vaginalis rely on wet preparation, with some notable advances. Serological POC assays for syphilis can impact resource-poor settings, with many assays available, but only one available in the U.S. HIV POC diagnostics demonstrate the best performance, with excellent assays available. There is a rapid assay for HSV lesion detection; but no POC serological assays are available. Despite the inadequacy of POC assays for treatable bacterial infections, application of technological advances offers the promise of advancing POC diagnostics for all sexually transmitted infections.     

Risk Factors for HIV,Viral Hepatitis,and Syphilis among Heroin Users in Northern Taiwan

A total of 125 heroin users were recruited from a detention center and two psychiatric hospitals in northern Taiwan during 2006 in order to investigate the prevalence and correlates of blood-borne infections among heroin users. The seroprevalence rates of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HBV, HDV, and syphilis were 15.2%, 74.4%, 15.2%, 6.4%, and 8%, respectively. Injection risk behaviors were associated with HIV, HCV, and syphilis infections, but not with HBV infections. Meanwhile, HCV and HBV infections were correlated with the duration of heroin use and age of the subjects, respectively. The results of this study suggest that a comprehensive public health program is needed to prevent transmission of these blood-borne infections. The study's limitations are noted.     

Syphilis treatment: old and new

Syphilis has challenged scientists and clinicians since its first appearance in the late 1400s and debate continues to surround the best practice in management. Difficulties in defining the goals of successful treatment have contributed to problems in determining recommendations for the ideal management. Treatment regimens currently in use were developed before randomised controlled trials became standard. This, combined with national differences in disease definition, staging and varying interpretations of the studies, as well as the emergence of complicating comorbid conditions, such as HIV, has resulted in a lack of consensus for treatment. This paper will discuss the history and current treatment of syphilis focusing on dilemmas faced by clinicians today, including the emergence of a resistant strain. Despite the difference between current national guidelines, penicillin G largely remains the treatment of choice. Close follow up, monitoring and ensuring adequate compliance remain the most important aspects in the treatment of syphilis.     

妊娠期孕妇运动行为认知研究进展

综述孕妇对孕期运动的认知、不同妊娠时期运动的形式及效果评价,分析国内外在孕期运动方面的差异性,为运动疗法在不同妊娠时期的健康教育和行为指导提供临床依据。